2013년 10월 28일 월요일

Tresa Cawley's blog ::Ultra distance investigation at the Umstead 100






Tresa Cawley's blog ::Ultra distance investigation at the Umstead 100










The               following               article               was               prompted               by               a               single               question               that               arose               in               my               mind               while               watching               AMC's               new               television               series,               The               Walking               Dead.

Why               are               gunshots               to               the               head               or               massive               brain               trauma               the               only               way               to               effectively               kill               zombies?

When               the               creators               of               The               Walking               Dead               television               series               revealed               that               the               zombie               outbreak               may               have               been               precipitated               by               a               virus               in               episode               1x05               "Wildfire",               I               instantly               thought               of               the               similarities               between               the               fictional               walking               dead               virus               and               the               very               real               rabies               virus.

In               The               Walking               Dead               episode               1x05,               "Wildfire",               the               survivors               discover               that               Jim               was               bitten               by               a               zombie               and               within               sixteen               hours               his               symptoms               included               fever,               headache,               fatigue,               confusion,               hallucinations               and               paralysis.

Those               are               exactly               the               same               symptoms               that               the               National               Institutes               of               Health               lists               for               the               latter               stages               of               the               rabies               virus               in               humans.

However,               the               incubation               stage               of               rabies               is               much               longer,               generally               one               week               to               several               months,               and               the               disease               has               a               99.9               percent               fatality               rate               once               notable               symptoms               begin.
               The               unnamed               virus               shown               in               The               Walking               Dead               appears               to               reside               in               the               brain               stem,               and               it               is               transmitted               by               zombie               bite               or               other               means               of               blood-to-blood               contact               with               a               zombie               through               open               wounds               or               mucus               membranes.

The               virus               in               The               Walking               Dead               does               not               appear               to               affect               animals.

The               rabies               virus               terminates               its               host               when               it               reaches               the               brain;               the               virus               travels               along               the               central               nervous               system               when               it               enters               the               body               until               it               finds               its               destination.

The               rabies               virus               can               be               transmitted               from               any               warm-blooded               rabid               animal               to               humans               by               bite,               scratch,               or               saliva-to-mucus               membrane               contact.

Presently,               rabid               bats               cause               the               most               human               deaths               by               rabies               in               the               United               States.

Worldwide,               the               majority               of               human               deaths               caused               by               rabies               (around               55,000               annually,               according               to               the               World               Health               Organization)               occur               in               Africa               and               Asia               when               people               are               attacked               by               feral               rabid               dogs.
               The               zombies               on               The               Walking               Dead               exhibit               lethargic               movement               from               afar               but               as               they               move               closer               to               potential               victims               their               collective               agitation               and               aggression               intensify.

There               are               different               stages               of               rabies               which               prompt               the               infected               to               have               behavior               ranging               from               docile               to               ferocious,               though               not               generally               homicidal.

Rabies               comes               from               the               Latin               word               rabere,               which               means               "rave"               or               "be               mad".

Another               related               ancient               word               is               rabhas,               which               means               "to               do               violence"               in               Sanskrit.

Rabies               is               classified               in               the               Lyssavirus               group               of               diseases.

The               word               lyssa               was               was               first               documented               in               The               Illiad               around               the               8th               Century,               and               was               used               to               describe               a               raging               dog.
               With               the               accidental               destruction               of               the               TS-19               sample               by               Centers               for               Disease               Control               scientist,               Dr.

Edwin               Jenner               in               The               Walking               Dead,               there               appears               to               be               no               hope               on               the               horizon               for               a               cure               to               the               disease               in               that               narrative.

Fortunately,               a               treatment               for               rabies               does               exist.

If               you               or               someone               you               know               is               bitten               by               animal               that               potentially               has               the               rabies               virus,               immediately               cleanse               the               bite               wound               thoroughly               with               soap               and               water,               and               treat               it               with               a               serious               antibacterial               agent,               like               iodine.

Go               on               to               dress               the               wound               according               to               the               severity               of               the               bite.

Then,               if               possible,               capture               the               animal               and               seek               professional               medical               help.
               Sources:               
               AMC,               "The               Walking               Dead"               
               Centers               for               Disease               Control,               "Rabies"               
               National               Institutes               of               Health,               "Rabies"               
               World               Health               Organization,               "Rabies"               
               Google               Books,               "Vaccines               for               Biodefense               and               Emerging               and               Neglected               Diseases"




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